Advanced Search. Border Regions. Alpine Region. Border Theories. East Central Europe. French-German Borderlands. Northern Black Sea. The Pyrenees Region. Courts and Cities. Early Modern Ports. Spaces of Courtly Display. Gendered Spaces.
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Dissenters and Nonconformists. Islam in Europe. Orthodox Theology in Western Europe. Reformation in Scandinavia. Reform Judaism. The "Historical Region". Work, Leisure, Technology. Leisure Time and Technology. Workshop and Factory. Spas represent a special type of European urban and tourist space between the 16th and the 19th centuries. Many spas were not towns in the legal sense of the word and varied greatly in size and population. In fact, spas were characterized by their multifunctionality.
They combined health care and healing with pleasure and leisure. Spas were also social gathering places, especially for the elites. The architectural and interior designs of spas had to meet these functions and also adapt to changing demands.
Particularly in the late 18th and 19th centuries, the number of spas in Europe grew considerably, and new seaside resorts further expanded the options for spa-goers. The long tradition of European watering places began with the Roman baths. However, there were few direct connections between the Roman tradition and the interest in thermal waters and baths that reemerged in the late Middle Ages and early modern period in different areas of Europe β from northern Italy to England.
