Objectives: Noncommunicable diseases NCDs are the leading cause of mortality in all Gulf Cooperation Council GCC member countries and place a substantial economic burden on the governments and people. The escalating demand for NCD-related health services takes an enormous toll on health systems in these countries. There is an urgent need to make significant advances in the healthcare infrastructure and develop strategies to overcome the NCD challenge.
This review aims to provide the status of national healthcare systems and national NCD policies in GCC countries to highlight the challenges and identify opportunities towards strengthening NCD management and control. Results: Future strategies and investments in healthcare infrastructure to overcome the NCD challenge include continuing high-level commitment towards multisectoral actions, redesigning healthcare delivery to advance universal healthcare coverage, enabling integration of healthcare services through organizational alignment to maintain care continuum, building the capacity of health workforce, developing effective treatment strategies through research based on local populations, integrating mental health into general public health policy, and lastly, establishing reliable NCD surveillance and monitoring programs.
Conclusions: Measures to address NCDs must be continued with focus on health-in-all policies, and whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches.
The inclusion criteria were studies on patients with ESRD, of randomized controlled trial design, published in English language, and with full-text content available online. Two researchers independently extracted articles that met the selection criteria and evaluated the quality of each study. Results: Eight studies were included in the systematic review of which five were entered for meta-analysis.
Therefore, psychotherapy can be considered an essential component in the management of ESRD patients for improved psychological and physical outcomes. These samples were tested using both culture and real-time PCR. PCR was compared with culture to calculate its sensitivity and specificity.
